Utility of computed tomography in the early detection of lung cancer

Authors

Keywords:

Computed tomography, lung cancer, early detection, screening, imaging

Abstract

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and in Ecuador, largely because most cases are diagnosed at advanced stages. In this context, computed tomography (CT), especially low dose computed tomography (LDCT), has become increasingly important as a tool for the early detection of malignant lung lesions. An exploratory systematic review of the scientific literature published between 2020 and 2025 was conducted, considering studies available in indexed sources such as Wiley Online Library, the New England Journal of Medicine, RSNA Publications, and MDPI Journals, to analyze the diagnostic utility of CT in at-risk populations. Studies evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and QUADAS-2 tools indicate that CT has greater sensitivity than chest radiography for identifying pulmonary nodules in early stages. This benefit is most evident in chronic smokers and individuals with prolonged occupational exposure. The available evidence supports the implementation of LDCT screening programs, provided that standardized protocols and appropriate radiation protection measures are applied.

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Published

2026-04-01

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Innovación científica, transformación digital y desafíos jurídicos en el contexto contemporáneo (abril-junio)

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Artículos

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