Legal protection of domestic workers in Ecuador: Analysis of the regulatory framework

Abstract

Domestic work in Ecuador has historically been a precarious activity, with high levels of informality and limited labor protection. Despite the existence of a regulatory framework that includes the Constitution, the Labor Code, and ILO Convention 189, many domestic workers face low wages, lack of social security, and discrimination. While legislation recognizes rights such as a decent wage, regulated working hours, and mandatory social security affiliation, implementation of these standards remains deficient due to weak oversight and the persistence of informal practices. This paper analyzes the regulatory framework governing the rights of domestic workers in Ecuador and its effectiveness in practice. To do so, we used the method of logical and analytical historical analysis, utilizing descriptive, bibliographic, and documentary research, in addition to case documentation. It was concluded that despite the regulatory framework protecting the rights of domestic workers in Ecuador, a large proportion work under informal conditions, resulting in continued deficiencies in the enforcement of these regulations. To improve this situation, it is necessary to strengthen regulatory oversight, promote formal employment, provide training for both workers and employers, and strengthen union organization. Only through these actions can the recognition and effective protection of their rights be guaranteed under conditions of equity and dignity.