Ecuador and Spain on the protection of the labor rights of pregnant and nursing women
Keywords:
Occupational safety, comparative legislation, special protectionAbstract
The protection of women's labor rights during pregnancy and breastfeeding is a fundamental component for ensuring gender equality and family well-being. This study compared the regulatory frameworks of Ecuador and Spain regarding the protection of pregnant and breastfeeding workers, identifying similarities and differences in their application and effectiveness. Through a methodological approach that includes comparative analysis, bibliographic research, and document review, the legal provisions and relevant court decisions in both countries were examined. In Ecuador, the Constitution and Labor Code establish protective measures such as the prohibition of arbitrary dismissal and job security for up to one year after childbirth. In Spain, the Constitution and the Workers' Statute guarantee equality and non-discrimination, reinforcing the protection of women in these conditions. The results showed that, although both countries have developed solid legal frameworks, challenges persist in the effective implementation of these regulations. The rulings analyzed in Ecuador and Spain underscore the importance of legal protection against workplace discrimination based on pregnancy and breastfeeding. This study concluded that, while legislation in both countries has made progress in protecting pregnant and breastfeeding women, greater oversight and adaptation to social and labor changes are needed to ensure the effective implementation of these rights. Work-life balance policies must be expanded.
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